Le déclin sans précédent du puits de carbone terrestre
2023年，陆地生态系统吸收大气二氧化碳的能力下降超过一半。这一结论来自法国原子能与替代能源委员会参与的一项国际研究，引发了对未来气候稳定性的担忧与不确定性，并呼吁采取紧急措施。
研究表明，陆地碳汇——即森林、土壤等生态系统吸收并储存二氧化碳的自然能力——出现了前所未有的衰退。2023年，其吸收效率相比长期平均水平骤降逾50%。这一急剧变化与全球多地同时发生的极端气候事件直接相关，包括严重干旱、热浪以及大规模野火，这些灾害严重削弱了植被的光合作用与碳储存功能。
研究团队强调，陆地碳汇的稳定性长期以来被视为减缓气候变暖的关键缓冲。此次骤降若持续或加剧，将意味着大气中滞留的二氧化碳比例上升，从而加速全球变暖进程，形成恶性循环。科学家指出，这一发现凸显了当前气候模型的不足，未能充分捕捉碳汇对极端事件的非线性响应。
该研究呼吁国际社会立即行动，一方面需加强监测与预警系统，以更精准地评估碳汇动态；另一方面，必须大幅加快减排步伐，并投资于生态系统保护与恢复，以增强其气候韧性。研究人员警告，若不及早应对，陆地碳汇功能的持续衰退可能使《巴黎协定》的温控目标更难实现。
Terrestrial Carbon Sink Suffers Unprecedented Decline in 2023
A major international study involving France's Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission (CEA) reveals a severe and alarming weakening of the planet's natural carbon absorption systems. In 2023, the land-based ecosystem—comprising forests, soils, and vegetation—lost more than half of its capacity to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2).
This finding indicates a critical reduction in the efficiency of one of Earth's primary buffers against climate change. The terrestrial carbon sink typically absorbs a significant portion of human-emitted CO2, mitigating the rate of global warming. Its sharp decline raises substantial scientific uncertainty and deep concern regarding the future stability of the global climate system.
The study's authors emphasize the urgent need for action, stating that the observed trend underscores the necessity for immediate and strengthened measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The weakening sink suggests that natural systems are becoming less reliable in offsetting human pollution, potentially accelerating climate impacts.
En 2023, l’écosystème terrestre a perdu plus de la moitié de sa capacité d’absorption du CO2 atmosphérique. Cette conclusion d’une étude internationale associant le CEA soulève des incertitudes et inquiétudes quant à la stabilité future du climat. Elle appelle à la prise urgente de mesures.
In 2023, land ecosystems absorbed over half less atmospheric CO2 than usual, signaling a major weakening of the terrestrial carbon sink and raising climate stability concerns.
CEA — French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, based in France.
International study team — Research consortium analyzing global carbon-cycle data, international.
Monitor — A major climate signal, but not a direct company or product event.